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| State Profile |
| Districts of Bihar [Click to view District Portal...] |
| Introduction |
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Bihar is located in the eastern part of the country. It is an entirely land-locked state, although the outlet to the sea through the port of Kolkata is not far away. Bihar lies mid-way between the humid West Bengal in the east and the sub humid Uttar Pradesh in the west which provides it with a transitional position in respect of climate, economy and culture. It is bounded by Nepal in the north and by newly formed Jharkhand State in the south. The river Ganga, cutting straight across Bihar from west to east has rendered the region fertile and plentiful. Bihar, is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size and 3rd largest by population, has close to 85 per cent rural population. The name 'Bihar' is derived from 'Vihara', meaning monastery. Bihar has been a great religious centre for Hindus, Jains and most importantly, the Buddhists. It was at Bodh Gaya in Bihar, that the Buddha sat under the Bodhi tree, and attained enlightenment. A descendant of the same tree still flourishes in Bodh Gaya today. Nalanda, which was a world - renowned Buddhist University in the 5th century AD, is also located in Bihar. Rajgir, a pilgrimage place for Buddhists and Pawapuri where Lord Mahavira breathed his last are near Nalanda. Patna its capital city today, Patliputra in those times was home to one of the greatest monarchs in the history of the world who ruled over much of the Indian - Subcontinent and extended as far as Iran and Afghanistan to the West. Bihar is the fascinating land of great religious leaders like Gautama Buddha, Lord Mahavir and Guru Gobind Singh. Bihar is the home of Emperor Ashoka who preached "ahimsa" or non-violence and spread the message of Buddhism throughout the world. The tradition of "ahimsa" has been carried into the modern times and the land was witness to the "Satyagraha (or non-violence) Movement" of the Father of the Nation, Mahatama Gandhi. |
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*Administration |
- Capital: Patna
- Governor: Shri R. S. Gavai
- Chief Minister: Shri Nitish Kumar
- Divisions: 9
- Districts: 38
- Sub-Divisions: 101
- CD Blocks: 534
- Panchayats: 8,471
- Revenue Villages: 45,103
- Urban Agglomerations: 9
- Towns: 130 (Statutory: 125, Non-Statutory: 5)
- Police Stations: 853 (Civil Police Stations: 813, Railway Police Stations: 40)
- Police Districts: 43 (Civil Police District: 39,Railway Police District: 4)
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*Geographical Information
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- Latitude: 21°-58'-10" ~ 27°-31'-15" N
- Longitude: 82°-19'-50" ~ 88°-17'-40" E
- Rural Area: 92,257.51 sq. kms
- Urban Area: 1,095.49 sq. kms
- Total Area: 94,163.00 sq. kms
- Height: 173 Feet above Sea-Level
- Normal Rainfall: 1,205 mm
- Avg. Number of Rainy Days: 52.5 Days in a Year
- Climate: sub-tropical humid
- Temperature: maximum of 43°C in summer to a minimum of around 5°C in the winters
- Relative Humidity: up to 100% during summer
- Principal Languages: Hindi, Bhojpuri & Maithili
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| *Census (as per 2001 Census)
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- Population: 82,878,796 (Male: 4,31,53,964, Female: 3,97,24,832)
- Average Population of a District: 22,39,967
- Population Density: 880 per sq kms
- Highest Density: Patna, 1471 per sq kms
- Lowest Density: Kaimur, 382 per sq kms
- Sex Ratio (Females/Thousand Males): 921
- Highest Sex Ratio: (Siwan) 1,033
- Lowest Sex Ratio: (Patna) 873
- Literacy: 3,16,75,607
- Highest Literacy Rate: Patna, 63.82%
- Lowest Literacy Rate: Kishanganj, 31.02%
- Urbanization Rate : 10.47%
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